Artificial neural networks traditionally process sequential data by remembering past observations. On 26 March 1991, however, an alternative to recurrent neural networks was published: slow feedforward NNs learned by gradient descent to program the changes of fast weights of another NN, effectively separating memory and control as traditional computers do. They compute their fast weight changes through additive outer products of self-invented activation patterns (now commonly called keys and values for self-attention).
FWPs are Fast
Learn fps differs from traditional neural networks in that their weights can change depending on input, allowing it to learn context-dependent patterns that help solve specific tasks or problems. Furthermore, new training data can be used to train an entirely different set of weights to be deployed for additional charges.
Jurgen Schmidhuber introduced a widely used alternative to RNNs for sequence processing three decades ago.[1] In this architecture, a slow feedforward NN learns by gradient descent to program changes to the fast weights of another NN – effectively separating memory from control as with traditional computers. These so-called Fast Weight Programmers compute fast weight changes through additive outer products of self-invented activation patterns that serve as keys and values for attention[2]).
A slow net features special units for every fast network unit it receives or leads from to accomplish this task, as shown below in Figure 2. With this approach, the slow net can quickly control fast network units to generate desired outputs when input sequences arrive at its doorway.
The resultant system is efficient and general, overcoming auto-regressive NNs’ state size constraints to be trained on diverse tasks such as language modeling and code execution. Furthermore, its emphasis on additive operations makes it immune from the vanishing gradient problem due to fast and slow networks possessing additive functions.
FWPs are Additive
Studies suggest that flexible work environments (FWPs) can play an essential role in alleviating work-related anxiety by helping employees better manage their time and nonwork responsibilities (Kelliher and Anderson, 2008; Wood et al., 2018). However, these benefits depend on a person’s perceptions about FWP availability.
To ascertain how readily people perceive these arrangements are available, we asked participants to rate their level of agreement with statements such as “My management knows about my family/personal life” and “My manager understands my needs.” In addition, we collected measures of job-related anxieties such as emotional exhaustion, burnout, and depression levels.
The main finding of this study was that an individual’s perceptions of the availability and value of FWPs are linked to his or her levels of trust in his or her management via work-life balance; specifically, higher work-life balance indicates more significant levels of trust for management.
This study expands upon the limited body of studies testing the resource gain perspective of COR theory (Weigl et al., 2010) by showing that flexible working arrangements may initiate a process by which perceived resources progressively accumulate over time. Furthermore, its findings align with recent literature that calls for an improved understanding of how organizational resources interact to support employee well-being (Nijp et al., 2012).
FWPs are Memory
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) typically learn by recalling past observations and applying them to predict future ones. Three decades ago, however, an alternative solution was published: feedforward weight programming models, which allow feedforward neural networks (NNs) to program fast weight changes through only one input.
These FWPs[FWP0-2] used additive operations to add absolute values to fast weights instead of multiplying neuron activations counts, thus rendering these systems immune from the vanishing gradient problem (i.e., they could run arbitrary programs without failure).
FWPs were also very straightforward, only requiring one output unit per connection on the slow net. This allowed for easy reprogramming of mapping from inputs to fast outputs during sequence processing.
Memory-based FWPs were also memory-based, with information stored through outer products of key and value patterns (now called slices) learned through embeddings Ajman. Once new slice vectors had been appended to whole network generator Gr, which is constrained by return command c – thus providing end-to-end differentiable meta-learning via L(Gr,c)=c for end-to-end differentiated meta-learning through this objective conditioned conditional learning framework, which differed significantly from traditional approaches used for policy generation such as supervised and reinforcement learning approaches.